e-ISSN 2518-1181
DOI 10.33146/2518-1181
Online Media ID R40-06293
← Back Published: 30.09.2026

Trends in the Formation of a Bank’s Loan Portfolio: Structural and Dynamic Analysis of JSC “Oschadbank”

Authors

Yuliia Nikolchuk Khmelnytskyi Trade and Economic Academy, Ukraine ORCID 0000-0001-7466-2558
Anastasia Yagodzinska Khmelnytskyi Trade and Economic Academy, Ukraine ORCID 0009-0003-2031-6803

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33146/2518-1181-2026-3(113)-175-185

Abstract

The quality, diversification, and balance of the loan portfolio directly determine the bank's profitability, liquidity, financial stability, and competitiveness. Therefore, effective management of the loan portfolios of systemically important banks in Ukraine is crucial to ensuring financial support for economic recovery. The article aims to study trends in the formation of the loan portfolio of JSC “Oschadbank”, conduct a structural and dynamic analysis of its composition, and assess the quality of the loan portfolio to determine the effectiveness of the bank’s lending activities under current conditions. The study uses a systematic approach to assessing the bank’s lending activities and the formation of its loan portfolio, methods of analysis and synthesis, structural and dynamic analysis, comparison, and economic and statistical methods. Authors analyzed the volume and structure of the loan portfolio by categories of borrowers, lending terms, currencies, and economic sectors, as well as indicators of the quality and profitability of loan operations. The study is based on data from financial statements and annual reports of JSC “Oschadbank”, materials from the National Bank of Ukraine, and the results of scientific research. The results of the study show that the loan portfolio of JSC “Oschadbank” is characterized by steady growth in lending volumes, a sufficient level of diversification, a strengthening of the investment component, and a gradual improvement in asset quality. In particular, during the period under study, the bank ensured balanced management of the loan portfolio, combining growth in lending volumes with risk control and asset quality improvement. This indicates a sufficient level of efficiency in the bank’s credit policy and its adaptation to macroeconomic instability. The approach proposed in the article for the structural and dynamic analysis of the loan portfolio of JSC “Oschadbank” can be applied by other banks and credit institutions to assess credit risk concentration, identify promising lending segments, and control the risk-profitability ratio.

Keywords

loan portfolio, bank lending, loan portfolio quality, non-performing loans, credit risk, profitability, JSC “Oschadbank”
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